{"id":2077,"date":"2024-11-27T17:09:24","date_gmt":"2024-11-27T16:09:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jclebrun.eu\/blog\/?p=2077"},"modified":"2024-11-27T17:31:12","modified_gmt":"2024-11-27T16:31:12","slug":"hisham-matar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jclebrun.eu\/blog\/2024\/11\/27\/hisham-matar\/","title":{"rendered":"Hisham Matar"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Le Prix du meilleur livre \u00e9tranger 2024, cat\u00e9gorie fiction, a \u00e9t\u00e9 attribu\u00e9 au roman \u00ab Mes amis \u00bb de l\u2019Anglo-libyen Isham Matar (Gallimard).*  Paru fin 2023 en anglais, ce texte de haute vol\u00e9e interroge sur  l\u2019exil, la litt\u00e9rature et les diff\u00e9rentes formes d\u2019engagement, depuis les relations sentimentales jusqu\u2019aux combats politiques<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Apr\u00e8s \u00ab Au pays des hommes<\/em><\/strong> \u00bb (Deno\u00ebl, 2007) et \u00ab Une disparition<\/em><\/strong> \u00bb (Deno\u00ebl, 2012), deux premi\u00e8res fictions  inspir\u00e9es par l\u2019absence du p\u00e8re, donn\u00e9e autobiographique  capitale, Hisham Matar avait fait para\u00eetre \u00ab La Terre qui les s\u00e9pare<\/em><\/strong> \u00bb (Gallimard, 2017). Il y restituait l\u2019enqu\u00eate qu\u2019il avait men\u00e9e cons\u00e9cutivement \u00e0 la disparition en 1990 de la figure paternelle Jaballa Matar, intellectuel et diplomate opposant \u00e0 Kadhafi qui s\u2019\u00e9tait exil\u00e9 en Egypte, y avait \u00e9t\u00e9 enlev\u00e9 par la police secr\u00e8te puis livr\u00e9 \u00e0 la Libye pour ne plus jamais repara\u00eetre. Ce troisi\u00e8me livre avait obtenu le prix Pulitzer. Dans \u00ab Mes amis<\/em><\/strong> \u00bb l\u2019auteur, lui-m\u00eame n\u00e9 \u00e0 New York en  1970,  \u00e9voque le d\u00e9part de Benghazi de son narrateur, au milieu des ann\u00e9es 1980, pour aller \u00e9tudier au Royaume Uni, et les liens qu\u2019il y noua avec d\u2019autres Libyens. D\u2019abord \u00e0 Edimbourg puis \u00e0 Londres. Sous l\u2019identit\u00e9 de Khaled, moyennant quelques transpositions romanesques, c\u2019est en effet Hisham Matar qui ici se raconte, confirmant que le mat\u00e9riau autobiographique constitue sa grande source d\u2019inspiration.<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
\n

Un irr\u00e9sistible travail de rem\u00e9moration s\u2019est enclench\u00e9<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Le roman s\u2019ouvre en 2016 sur une coursive de la gare de Saint Pancras. Khaled regarde s\u2019\u00e9loigner son \u00ab vieil ami<\/em> \u00bb Hossam Zowa qui se dirige vers le quai de d\u00e9part de l\u2019Eurostar, direction Paris avant un envol pour les Etats Unis. Tandis qu\u2019il voit celui-ci  traverser le hall une autre sc\u00e8ne de s\u00e9paration lui revient \u00e0 l\u2019esprit. Cela se passait vingt et un ans plus t\u00f4t. Mais un irr\u00e9sistible travail de rem\u00e9moration s\u2019est enclench\u00e9, qui le fait vite remonter jusqu\u2019\u00e0 une autre sc\u00e8ne plus loin encore dans le temps, au printemps 1984. Il venait d\u2019arriver de Benghazi et avait entrepris des \u00e9tudes de lettres \u00e0 Edimbourg. Avec son compatriote Mustafa il \u00e9tait parti \u00e0 Londres pour un week-end. Cela se passait en avril. Les deux gar\u00e7ons avaient pr\u00e9vu de faire un tour devant l\u2019ambassade de Libye \u00e0 Saint James\u2019s Square, o\u00f9 une manifestation d\u2019opposants au r\u00e9gime de Kadhafi devait avoir lieu. Mais les \u00e9v\u00e9nements avaient tourn\u00e9 au drame. Des coups de feu avaient \u00e9t\u00e9 tir\u00e9s depuis le toit de l\u2019ambassade sur la petite foule rassembl\u00e9e dans la rue, une polici\u00e8re britannique avait \u00e9t\u00e9 tu\u00e9e, Khaled et Mustafa avaient \u00e9t\u00e9 bless\u00e9s et transport\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019h\u00f4pital : \u00ab une amiti\u00e9 sanctifi\u00e9e par le sang<\/em> \u00bb observe le narrateur. Hisham Matar inscrit le r\u00e9cit de Khaled dans un contexte parfaitement authentique. Une manifestation eut bien lieu \u00e0 Londres le 17 avril 1984, la polici\u00e8re Yvonne Fletcher fut bien touch\u00e9e par un tir libyen et mourut bien \u00e0 l\u2019h\u00f4pital de Westminster. Une grave crise diplomatique s\u2019en \u00e9tait bien  ensuivie, marqu\u00e9e notamment par onze jours de si\u00e8ge de l\u2019ambassade. Le r\u00e9cit de l\u2019\u00e9crivain ne cesse de se nouer d\u2019\u00e9troite fa\u00e7on au r\u00e9el. Tout du long sa fiction en \u00e9pouse les contours. C\u2019est que ce jour-l\u00e0 tout avait bascul\u00e9 pour Khaled. Il ne pourrait plus retourner \u00e0 l\u2019universit\u00e9 o\u00f9 il imaginait les agents du r\u00e9gime d\u00e9j\u00e0 \u00e0 l\u2019\u0153uvre. Il pourrait encore moins rentrer en Libye. Il devrait limiter au strict minimum les contacts t\u00e9l\u00e9phoniques avec sa famille expos\u00e9e aux repr\u00e9sailles. Le statut de r\u00e9fugi\u00e9 politique lui avait \u00e9t\u00e9 discr\u00e8tement accord\u00e9. Sa vie se d\u00e9roulerait d\u00e9sormais \u00e0 Londres.<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
\n

Avec la solitude, le prix \u00e0 payer pour tenir son indispensable r\u00f4le de chroniqueur d\u2019une histoire douloureuse<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Sur tout cela Hisham Matar porte un regard extraordinairement sensible et ac\u00e9r\u00e9. Sur le petit univers des exil\u00e9s comme sur les atermoiements du narrateur, surnomm\u00e9 par ses amis \u00ab Khaled le R\u00e9ticent<\/em>. \u00bb On y voit les divergences dans la diaspora libyenne face au r\u00e9gime de Kadhafi. Khaled pourra en \u00e9prouver la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 face \u00e0 Hossam et Mustafa qui s\u2019engageront dans l\u2019action. Les \u00ab printemps arabes \u00bb seront pass\u00e9s par l\u00e0, puis la guerre civile de 2011. Khaled \u00e9voque une autre d\u00e9chirure, avec sa famille rest\u00e9e au pays, et sa crainte de la mettre en danger. De la m\u00eame fa\u00e7on qu\u2019il se montre ind\u00e9cis dans ses relations sentimentales, pour finalement se retrouver toujours seul. Peut-\u00eatre, avec la solitude, le prix \u00e0 payer pour tenir son indispensable r\u00f4le de chroniqueur d\u2019une histoire douloureuse. Comme pour assumer sa vocation d\u2019\u00e9crivain : sa d\u00e9ambulation dans Londres au sortir de la gare suscite en lui un v\u00e9ritable d\u00e9ferlement de souvenirs. Des images lui reviennent, comme autant de tableaux de la ville parcourue seul ou  avec ses amis. Indissociablement une id\u00e9e-force traverse le livre : la litt\u00e9rature, tel un \u00ab mince opus gliss\u00e9, comme une arme, au fond d\u2019une poche<\/em>. \u00bb Ce sera la forme de r\u00e9sistance adopt\u00e9e par Khaled.<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Les presque 500 pages de \u00ab Mes amis<\/strong> \u00bb allient densit\u00e9 et limpidit\u00e9, \u00e9motion et profondeur. Elles documentent magistralement la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 de l\u2019exil. A n\u2019en pas douter c\u2019est un nouveau texte majeur, servi par une traduction irr\u00e9prochable, que l\u2019\u00e9crivain anglo-libyen nous propose aujourd\u2019hui.<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
\u00ab Mes amis<\/em><\/strong> \u00bb, d\u2019Isham Matar, traduit de l\u2019anglais (Libye) par David Fauquemberg, Gallimard, 496 pages, 23,50 \u20ac<\/h5>\n\n\n\n
* Pour la non-fiction, \u00ab  L\u2019invisible Madame Orwell<\/strong> \u00bb, de l\u2019Australienne Anna Funder, traduit par Carine Chichereau (Editions H\u00e9lo\u00efse d\u2019Ormesson).<\/h5>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le Prix du meilleur livre \u00e9tranger 2024, cat\u00e9gorie fiction, a \u00e9t\u00e9 attribu\u00e9 au roman \u00ab Mes amis \u00bb de l\u2019Anglo-libyen Isham Matar (Gallimard).*  Paru fin 2023 en anglais, ce texte de haute vol\u00e9e interroge sur  l\u2019exil, la litt\u00e9rature et les diff\u00e9rentes formes d\u2019engagement, depuis les relations sentimentales jusqu\u2019aux combats politiques Apr\u00e8s \u00ab Au pays des hommes \u00bb (Deno\u00ebl, 2007) […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[57,56,58],"class_list":["post-2077","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-non-classe","tag-ce-tres-grand-roman-de-lnglo-libyen-hisham-matar","tag-prix-du-meilleur-livre-etranger-2024-categorie-fiction","tag-sur-lexil"],"yoast_head":"\nHisham Matar - Blog de Jean-Claude Lebrun<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/jclebrun.eu\/blog\/2024\/11\/27\/hisham-matar\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Hisham Matar - 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